Small arms and machine-gun projectiles are made of solid metal however, projectiles of 20-mm guns and larger have many components. Optimizing one parameter requires compromise on others. A bullet optimized for one parameter is often the worst solution for another important parameter. Heavier, faster, lower drag is generally better, but with a fixed case volume, it is not possible to improve all of these attributes simultaneously. As the bullet gets heavier, more of the projectile body can be dedicated to ogive length, reducing drag. For instance, a heavier bullet launched at lower muzzle velocity is a bullet designed to minimize cross wind sensitivity. Machine Gun - A general purpose machine gun functions as either a squad light automatic weapon when mounted on a bipod and fired from the shoulder, or as a sustained fire long-range weapon when mounted on a tripod or light vehicle and provided with an optical sight.īullets can be optimized for minimum time of flight, minimum dispersion, maximum retained kinetic energy, minimum cross wind sensitivity, minimum ballistic drop, maximum penetration, and limiting maximum range. Submachine Gun - lightweight one-man weapons capable of automatic fire, firing a low-powered pistol cartridge with limited range and accuracy. Machine Pistol A machine pistol is a firearm originally designed to fire, or capable of being fired, fully automatically by a single pull of the trigger. The small size of the assault rifle and its ability to fire at up to 800 rounds per minute has led to it being adopted by various forces as a replacement for the submachine gun. These shorter rifles were developed in response to the recognition that most fire-fights take place at ranges under 400 yards. By reducing the cartridge case and propellant, the cartridges weigh less and soldiers can carry more.
#Different types of guns and bullets full version
Accuracy and ballistics tend to be inferior to the full version of the rifles they are adapted from.Īssault Rifle - rifles capable of single shot or automatic fire using a short cartridge providing accurate fire and more controllable recoil force than a standard rifle cartridge. The spiral parallel grooves in the bore impart spin in the projectile, providing stability and extended range.Ĭarbine - A carbine has a barrel under 16 inches in length, and is typically used by cavalry, artillery, engineers or others who require a weapon for self-defense and emergencies. Rifle - A rifle is a shoulder firearm which can discharge a bullet through a rifled barrel 16 inches or longer. Revolver - A revolver is a hand-operated firearm with a revolving cylinder containing chambers for individual cartridges. Pistol - A pistol is a hand-operated firearm having a chamber integral with or permanently aligned with the bore. Automatic grenade launchers have a caliber of 30 or 40 mm, firing ammunition is of a HE (high explosive) or a HEDP (high explosive dual-purpose) type with a maximum range amounts to 2200 meters. Single shot grenade launchers have a caliber of 40 mm, and generally fire a HE (high explosive) grenade out to a maximum range of about 400 meters. Light support weapons consist of machine guns, single shot grenade launchers and automatic grenade launchers.
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The soldier's individual weapons consist in most countries of an assault rifle in caliber 5.56 or 7.62 mm.
An alternative term gaining increasing currency is "light arms," to include individual and light support weapons. Any gun below a 20-millimeter bore size is generally classified as a small arm. The basic distinction is between small arms and artillery. Guns are generally classified according to use, size, and tradition.
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